Type-writing machine.



PATENTED APR. 30; 1907.

O. W. HOWELL. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.18, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I S y M- N M I m I n mm \wN MN mm mm a I om w Q. g mm u um um om PATENTED APR. 30, .1907.

G. W. HOWELL. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.1 8.1906.

uuuuuuuuuuuu 1 v OH I a ahvantoz 4M awn Mu.

I M r mob 0 2M 4 No. 851,988. PATENTE-D APR. 30, 1907. G. W. HOWELL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-18.1908.

No. 851,988. 'PATENTBD APR. 30, I807.

' 0. W. HOWELL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

AZPLICATION FILED AUG.18, 1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES: M6 l/VVE/VTOZ/v 7/ A vulu- 014 212 I w 'm w UNITED srA'rEs PATENT orrron,

' CHARLES HOWELL, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO sUN TYPE- WRITER COMPANY, or NEWARK, NEW- JERsEY, A CORPORATION or NEW JERSEY.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, (jiIA LEs W. HOWELL,

va citizen of-the -United States, residing in Newark, in the county of Essex and State of bratedto cover the printing point at the type impressions.

One of the objects of the invention s to provide simple, inexpensive and reliable -means for winding the ribbon upon the spools, and automatically reversing the di rection of the ribbon when paid off from either spool. To this end, I provide a swinging shaft having on its ends gears which may be swung alternately into mesh with a pair of spool winding gears, and I provide a pair of shifters upon a universal bar which is reci located at the type strokes, said shifters adbpted to swing said shaft back and forth,

but being normally held in idle positions by means of followers, which ride upon the coils of ribbon on the spools; provision being made for enabling either shifter to act upon said shaft to shift the same, whenever the associated ribbon-spool becomes empty Another object of the invention is to provide simple,'ineXpens ve and conveniently operated means for enabling different por tions of the ribbon considered widthwise to cover the printing point, so that the rib bon may be used along either edge, whereby the entire width of the ribbon may be subjected to wear, or whereby different color bands upon a polychromatic ribbon may be brought into use, at will. In carrying out this part of the invention, I provide a pivoted arm, which swings at the key strokes, and

' has a radiating slot to which is connected a link that extendsto the ribbon vibrator; and a finger lever located conveniently at the keyboard of the machine has means for shifting said link alom said slot, so as to vary the stroke of the ribbon-vibrator, and hence bring different portions of the ribbon into use. Provision is also made whereby when said finger lever is adjusted to one extreme position, said swinging arm may fail to vi brate the ribbon to cover the printing point,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 18, 1906. Serial No. 331,189,

TYPE-WRETING MACHINE.

Patented April 30, 1907.

the other of which is actuated directly the key-levers and controls the vibration of the ribbon to coverthe printing point. The curved universal bar may be so mounted that it will operate only at the terminal portion of the printing stroke of the type bars, whereby a prompt action of the letterfeeding mechanism is assured; while the second universal bar may act during a greater portion of the type bar strokes, and hencemove the ribbonvibrator more deliberately to cover the'printing point, thus avoiding liability of overthrow of the vibrator, and, other disadvantages liable to result from too sudden actionof the ribbon-vibrating mechanism. The devices which shift the aforesaid ribbon winding shaft arealso preferably connected to the second universal bar, which is actuated directly by the key-levers, and hence positively operate the anism.

My improvements are shown in connection with the well known Sun typewriting machine, in which the platen is shifted up and down to enable different types to print. The ribbon-vibrating is mounted upon the framework, and does not shift with the platen, but means are conribbon-reversing mechmechanism however,

nected to the platen shifting mechanism for effecting sufficient vibration of the ribbon to compensate for the shifting movement of the platen up or down.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear. p

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a vertical section taken about centrally from front to rear of a No. 3 Sun typewriting machine embodying my im )rovements. Fig. 2 is a part. sectional detail 0 the ribbon wind ing mechanism illustrating particularly the -manner of detachably mounting the ribbon spool. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the machine omitting the carriage'and some other parts. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the ribbonvibrating mechanism showing the parts in full lines in normal positions as at F igl 1, and also showin by dotted lines how the finger-lever may be shifted to'adjust the ribthe platen. Fig. 'showing the parts in full lines adjusted to bon is controlled, and further illustrating by dotted lines how the ribbon vibrator is moved sufficiently at the platen shifting operation to compensate 5 is a view like Fig. 4, but

give a maximum, -stroke of the ribbon-vibrator, so as to' bring the lower edgethereof over the printing point. The dotted lines illustrate the action that takes place when the key-lever'is depressed. 'Fig. 6 is an elevation of the'right hand side of the machine partly in section and illustrating in fulllines the position of the parts immediately preceding the reversal of the direction of winding of the ribbon, and also showing in dotted lines the normal silenced condition of the ribbon-reversing mechanism as the follower rides upon the coils of ribbon in the spool. Fig. 7 illustrates the letter-feeding mechanism of the Sun typewriter operated by the usual curved universal-bar, which is actuated by the typebars.

- YP type 2, 3, strike rearwaruly through a ribbon 4 against the front side of a platen 5. The type-bars are mounted at their rear ends in a segment 6, and hung upon a fulcrum wire 7. Links 8 extend forwardly from the type bars and tat their front ends are attached to up standing arms 9 movable forwardly and rearwardly. Said arms 9 are united to forwardly extending arms 10 hearing fingerkeys 11, the arms 9, 10 forming bell-cranks so that when the key bearing arms 10 are depressed the upstanding arms 9 are swung forward to throw thetype bars up to print.

In their rearwardmovements the typebarsstrike a curved universal bar 12, which operates a feed-rocker 13 to coopera.tewith an escapement wheel 14 (Fig. 7) to effect letter-feeding movements of a carriage 15,

upon which is mounted the platen 5. Said universalbar may rest upon the concave or top side of the segment 6 and be held against rising by means of keepers 16, Fig. 3. Arms 17 extend rearwardly from-the universalbar, and are pivoted to the to s of a pair of rock arms 18, Figs. 1 and 3, w ich are fixed upon a rectangular rock-shaft 19 extending horizontally between arms 20, upon which it is journaled at 21, so that the arms 18 may rock backward and forward with the universal bar'12. Said arms 20 maybe fixed upon the rear end of the base 22 constituting a portion of'theframework ofthe machine.

Fixed upon the rock-shaft 19 and extending forwardly therefrom is an arm 23 carrying at its front'ond a pawl 24 to work in a ratchet wheel 25 for intermittently rotating the latter at the type-bar strokes; a spring detent 26 being provided for said ratchet wheel. The latter is fixed upon a transverse for the movement of.

e-bars 1 carrying upper and lower case point. Projecting lower end is a wrist 41j wlnch'is engaged by" ing arm 43.

.rearwardly by the latter.

as 1,9ss

shaft 27 having at its ends a pair of gears 28 Figs. 1', 2 and 3, to mesh witha-pair of gears 29, which wind spools 30 carrying the ribbon 4. The shaft 27 always turns in the same direction, and the operation of causing it to wind the ribbon on either one spool or. the

other will presently be explained.

The s ools 30 are mounted at the sides of the mac ine on short horizontal transverse shafts orstudsr31, said shafts 31 coinciding axially. The ribbon extendsup from the spools, and passes over a pair of guides 32 at sides of the machine; the por- 'tion ofthe ribbon between said guides beingthe opposite threaded through a vibrator 33 standing in front of the platen 5 and normally below the printing point. The ribbon-guides 32 are directly over the spools and shafts and for ward of the vibrator 33,\and they diverge" .85 so that the ribbon in ascending from each rearwardly and downwardly from each other,

spool may make a twist between the spool and the guide, and may make another twist in passing from the guide to the vibrator,

soas to be presented verticallyin front of the platen.

'ihe guides 32 may be in the form of open eyes, as seen at cured upon afiXed partof the framework, but for convenience may be attached to a pair of links 34 forming part of the platen shifting mechanism. Said ribbon-vibrator or carrier'33 is pivoted at its lower end upon Fig, 3, and may be sethe front end of a pair of-arms 35, which are secured at their rear ends upon a horizontal rock shaft 36, which extends beneath the carriage 15 parallel with the platen 5 or in the same direction as the run of the carriage.

Said rock shaft is journaled at one end in a I bracket 37 fixed upon a portion 38 of the framework of the machine, and at its other end ina bracket 39 also fixed upon the framework of the machine.

It will be understood that the ribbon vibrating arms .35 are 10- catod at the middle of the machine, and that the rock shaft 36 extendsfrom the middle-to the side of the machine where an actuatingarm 40 is conveniently secured thereto. Said arm 40 depends from the rock shaft, so that when it is swung forward and back, it elevates and lowers the arms 35 together with the ribbon vibrator 33, and hence causes the ribbon to cover and uncover the printing,

from said arm at its the rear end of a link 42,, which extends forwardly to a point of connection witha swing; A second universal bar 44 ex-' tends lnjrizontallyacross the machine im-.

key 11 is depressed and its arms 9 swung forwardly the universal-bar 44 is also swung forward, and by means of the arm 43 the link 42 is pulled forward and swings the arm 40 and vibrates the ribbon up to cover the printing point.

It will be understood that the horizontal key bearing arms 10 are of graduated lengths, and are mounted upon fulcrum rods 47 at graduated elevations, so that the length of the upstanding arms 9 shall be-in proportion to the length of the forwardly extending arms 10, whereby the type-keys are caused to have uniform depressions at the -t e strokes; that is, the links 8 move forward y uniform distances, and the arms 9 are made 'of lengths to correspond proportionally to the necessarily varying lengths of the arms 10,,

i so that the forward links of the latter shall said arms 9, the arms having the east mo" tion at this oint engaging the rear edge of the universa bar where there is-no cut-away, the arms having the most motion at this point engaging the deepest cut-aways, and

the other arms engaging the intervening cutaways. and hence of the ribbon is thus made uniform for all of the keys. Several advantages are gained by having the ribbon vibrated by the universal-bar which is separate from and independent of the letter-feeding universal-bar 12, one important advantage being that the latter is actuated only during the terminal portions of the type.

strokes, so as to secure rompt action of t feed mechanism when t e types recede from the platen; this action of the universal-bar being so quick and short however, that it isfound in practice unsuited for connection to the'ribbonvibrator, since the latter and its associated parts must be of light construction, and hence liable to yield sometimes to overthrow if movedto'o suddenly. By connecting, the ribbon vibrator however to the relatively slow moving universal .bar 44, the r1bbon-vibrator'-1s moved more gradually, and its motion is more ositively controlled,

so that liability of yiel ng and overthrow is avoided Near its rear end the r1bbonv1brating link 42 is connected by an idle link 49 to a frame 50, which'forms. part of the platen shifting mechanism and is shifted up and -down by means of a lever'51 having a shift ke 52. Said arm has grooves 53 to hold balls 54 upon which the carriage 15 runs. The up and down movements Git/116v shifting frame are limited by stops 55; and said frame is The motion of the universal-bar the wrist 41 of the ribbon-vibrating arm 40.

Said slot 59 extends in such a direotioniithat when the link 49 is lifted by the platen-shifting frame 5O the wrist 41 on the ribbon-vi brating arm 40 is oammed forwardly, so'as to elevate the ribbon-vibrator 33 sufficiently to compensate for the upward movement of the platen. At Fig. 4, said idle link 49 is shown in full lines in its lower position, and in dotted lines in the position to which it is elevated by the platen-shifting frame 50; and it will be seen that the swinging of the link 42 around 'its front pivot effects a-movement of the ribbon-vibrating members 40, 35, and33, to the dotted line position.

For varymg the extent of vibration of the ribbon, I form in the swinging arm 43 of the forward universal bar frame a'slot 60, and I provide upon the ribbon vibrating link 42 a wrist 61 to engage said'slot.

that the slot extends substantially in a radial direction for the urpose of imparting more It will be seen or less throw to t e link 42, according to the adjustment of the wrist 61 farther away from or nearer to the axis 46 of the swinging arm 43; whereby the extent of vibration of the ribbon carrier 33 is increased or diminished and different portions of the ribbon are made to cover the printing point at the type At Fig. 1 the link 42 is adjusted to strokes. give a short throw to the ribbonvibrator 33, so that the ribbon is used along its upper edge. justed tothe bottom of the slot 60, the link I CO When however the link wrist 61 is adis given a maximum throw, and the vibrator" 33 is lifted sufiiciently to cause the lower edge portion of the ribbon to cover the,

printing point. It will be understood that if the wrist 61 is adjusted to the top of the/slot .60, the movement imparted to the link 42 and the ribbon-vibrator will be so slight that the ribbon will not cover the printing point,

and hence the types will strike off the ribbon,

in the upper end of the slot 60, so that-when as is desired when writing stencils, etc. I

the wrist 61 is lifted to the top, it will not be vibrated at all by the swingingarm 43, and,

hence the ribbon will remain motionless at the type strokes.

The adjustment of the ribbon vibrating mechanism may be conveniently effected by means of a finger-piece 63 formed upon the top of an upright lever arm 64 pivoted at 65 on the framework and havin a rearwardly extending arm 66 connected ya link 67 to 1 '1 preferably provide upon the bell-crank arm the wrist 61, so that by moving the lever forwardly and backwardly the link 42 1: thrustup and down as illustrated at Fig. 4.

66a projecting detent 68 to engage any one of three openings 69 formed in a leaf spring 70 secured at one end 'to the framework whereby the lever is yieldingly detained in either extreme POSI'UOII or in a midway pos1-.

tion. When the lever is swung forward, the detent 68 engages the upper hole 69, whereby the ribbonwibrating mechanism is detained i an inefiective position, and when the lever engages either of the other holes, the vibrating mechanism is detained in a corresponding position. v 1

Referring a'gain to the main ribbon-winding shaft 27,s it will be seen that it is'jour-.

"naled near its ends in a pair of arms 71 j-for'med by bending forwardly the ends of a transverse bar 72, which is pivoted near its .middle upon a screw 73, which is threaded into a fixed bracket. 74, Fig. 6, whereby the bail and shaft may tip or swing up and down.

At each side of the machine is pivoted at 7 5 a lever comprising a rearwardly extending 7,6 and a forwardly extending arm 77 a link' 7 8 extending up from the arm 76 and having at its upper end a slot 79 through which extends the ribbon-shaft 27 so that I p when the lever is swung from its normal full line position to the dotted line position at Fig. 6 the link is thrust up and tips up the end of the shaft, so that the adjoining gear 28- meshes with its spool gear 29. I connect to the universal bar a pair of shifters 80 to op rate the levers 7 7 said shifters being pivoted at 81 to the universal bar frame, one

shifter to the swinging arm 43 and the other to the swinging arm 45, to which the opposite ends of the forward universal bar 44 are fixed. These shifters extend rearwardly cated in dottedlines at Fig. 6. The arm 83 is formed upon a rider 84 pivoted at 85 upon a fixed portion of the machine and extending tothe spool to ride upon the coils of ribbon,

as seen in dotted lines at Fig. 6. When the 'ribbon'is all paidofl from the spool, a nose 86 upon the follower falls into an opening .87

' formed in the spool core thereby dropping link 78 and-lifting this end of the s' ool-wind- 'ing shaft 27, so that its gear 28 is t irown into mesh with the-spool gear 29. The assothe associated shifter 80 untila projection 88 formed on the under side thereof engages a nose 89 formed on the front end of the lever arm 77. At the next depression of any type key, the forward motion. of the shifter 80 cams down the lever arm 77 to the dotted line position Fig. 6, thereby thrusting up the ciated spool is thereby caused to wind up the senses ribbon and the follower 8e rides up and the arm 83 again lifts the shifter 89 to inefiective position. When the ribbon is all paid off from the other spool, a similar operation is performed thereat, the reversing mechanism being duplicated at the opposite sides of the machine.

It will be understood that when one of the gears 28 is thrown up to mesh with the spool gear 29, the other gear 28 must be pulled out of mesh with its associated spool ear 29. At

this time the winding spool isful of ribbon,

and for this and" other reasons is hard to wind, so that considerable force is exerted by the engaged gear 28 upon its spool gear 29. Owing to the consequent friction between the meshing teeth of the gears, there is in prior ribbon-reversing mechanisms ha- .bility of delay and failure 111 the reversing operation. In order to avoid this difliculty I connect the gear 29 to the spool by means of movement-reducing mechanism, consisting preferably of a pinion-90 of'substantially less diameter than the gear 29 and meshing with a much larger gear 9l,which is secured to the spool to rotate therewith. it will be understood that the same resistance is of fered by the full spool to being wound, and that the usual-pressure therefore exists between the gears 90 and 91, but that the pressure between the gears 28 and '29 is only a fraction thereof, so that said. gears are easily. separated, thus materially li htening the workto be accomplished by the s lifters 80, so that promptness and reliability of action. of the reversing mechanism is assured.

' At Fig. 2 it will be seen that the gear 90 is secured upon a hollow hub 92v turning upon a stud 93, secured to a fixed part 94 of the machine; said hub being detained by a round head 95 formed upon the stud. In a slot 96 in said hub is provided an umbrella spring97 adapted to project into an interior depression 98 formed in the spool core 99. The spool may be readily slipped on and ed from the hub 92, being yieldingly retained thereon by the spring 97. 1 The nbbon winding shaft 27-projects at one end through the base of themachine, as seen at 100, Fig. 3, to form a finger piece, whereby the shaft may swing up and. down manually to reverse the direction of Winding. A space-key 101 is pivoted upon the lower fulcrum rod 47 and adapted at its rear end to lift the arm 23 of the letter-feeding. mechanism. The ribbon feeding gear24 has a releasing arm 102 engageabl'e by the rear end 103 0111116 space key lever, whereby the latter has no connection with the ribbonvibrating. mechanism.

Variations may be resorted to within the carriage-feeding universal bar operated by the type keys, the combination of an arm connected to said universal. bar and carrying a pawl, a ribbon-winding ratchet wheel actuated by the pawl, a releasing arm upon said pawl, and a space key having means to vactuate said pawl releasing arm, and to vibrate said pawl-carrying arm to feed the carriage.

' 3. In a ty ewriting machine comprising key-actuated ever arms movable forwardly and backwardly at the front of the machine, rearwardly striking swinging type bars connected to said lever arms, and a letter feeding universal bar operated by said type bars, the combination of a second universal bar extending alon said lever arins and operated thereby, said lever arms having variable movements, and said second universal bar being variably cutaway where engaged by said lever arms to compensate. for the var1-- able movements of the latter, a ribbon vibrating device in rear of the type bars, and means connecting said ribbon vibrating device to said second universal bar.

4. In a typewriting machine having a platen and mechanism for shifting the'platen, to enable different typesito' rmt thereon, the combination of a ribbon vilirating device supported upon the framework of the machine, a linkage, one member whereof is connected to said ribbon vibrating device, and another-member whereof is connected to said platen shifting mechanism, to cause the linkand age to be moved at the operation of the p aten shifting mechanism sufliciently to operate said ribbon vibrating device to compensate'for the shifting movement of the Elatemand means also connected .to said 'nkage for actuatin said ribbon vibrating uncover the printing point at the type strokes.

5. In a typewriting machine having a:

platen and mechanism for shifting the platen,

to enable different types to print thereon,

the combination of a ribbon-vibrating rock arm mounted upon the framework of the machine, and having a wrist,- a link having at one enda slot transverse to the. length of the link and engaging said wrist,-means to which the other end of the link is pivoted for moving the link endwise to rack said arm,

an id e link connectingsaid link to the platen shifting mechanism, so as to swing the slotted end of the main link when the platen is shifted, and cause said slot to shift upon said wrist; the direct-ion of the slot being such that its shifting movement causes sufficient rocking of said arm to vibrate the ribbon, to compensate for the shifted position of the platen.

6. In a typewriting machine comprising a platen, means for shifting the platen up and downto enable different types to print thereon, type bars striking rearwan ly against the platen, and forwardly and rearwardly movable key-actuated levers connected to said type bars, the combination of a universal bar frame operated by said lever arms, a main link connected to said frame and having at its other end a slot extending upwardly and downwardly, a ribbon vibrating rock arm mounted upon the framework of the machine and having a wrist to engage said slot, and an idle link connecting sa1d main link to the platen shifting mechanism, and causing said slot to shift up and down upon said wrist when the laten is shifted the direction of the slot being such that its shifting movement causes sufficient rocking of said arm to vibrate the ribbon, to compensate for the shifted position of the platen.

7. In a typewriting machine having a ribbon vibrator; the combination of a swinging arm having a radial slot, means for swingin said arm at the type strokes, a link connecte to said ribbon vibrator andhaving means to en age said slot, and means for adjusting said lin along said slot to vary the length of stroke of said vibrator.

. 8. In a typewriting machine having a ribbon vibrator, the combination of a link connected at one end to said vibrator, a swinging arm, means for swinging said arm at the type strokes, means for connecting the other end of said link to saidswinging armin such a manner as to'permit adjustment of the link said vibrator, and means for detaining the,

link where adjusted.

9. In a typewriting machine having a ribbon vibrator, the combination of a swinging arm having a radial slot means for swingingsaid arm at the t, e strokes, a link connec to said ribbon v1 rator andhaving means i toenga e said'slot, and means for adjustin said 1 along said slot to vary the is t of stroke of said vibrator, said slot havmg at its inner end an enlargement to revent.

the link from being reciprocated enad-Y justed to the inner endlof the slot. I j W 10. In a typewiiting-machine'comprismg' a platen, a-ribbon vibratingrocker beneat the laten, -'rearwardly striking t chars and ey-actuated lever arms mova leforwardly and backwardly at the front of the machine and connected to said type bars,

the combination of a universal bar extending along said lever arms and operated thereby, an arm swinging with said universal bar at the front of the machine and having a radial I the platen, rearwardlystriking type bars andkey-actuated lever arms movable forwardly slot, a link engaging said slot, and extending rearwardly to said ribbon vibrating rocker,-

and a finger piece connected to means for adjusting-said link in said slot to vary the stroke of said rocker.

11. Ina typewriting machine comprising a platen, rearwardly striking type bars, mechanism for shifting the platen to enable different types to print thereon, a ribbon vibrating rocker mounted on the framework of the machine beneath the platen, and key-actuated lever arms movable forwardly "and backwardly at the front of the'machine and connected to said type bars, the combination of a universal bar extending along said lever arms and operated thereby, an arm swinging with said universal bar at the front of the machine and'having a radiating slot, a link having means to engage said slot,means for detaining the link where adjusted in said slot; said link extending rearwardly from said swinging arm; and an idle link connect- I swinging arm, means for swinging said arm ,jnsted. p

In a typewriting machine having a at the'type strokes, means for connecting the other end of said link to said swinging arm, a

linger lever mounted upon the framework of the machine, and connected to saidlink, to adjustit relatively to said swinging arm, so as to vary the stroke of the ribbon vibrator, and means for detaining said lever where ad- 13. ribbon vibrator, the combination of a link connected at one end to said vibrator, a

swingingnrm having a radiating slot, means for swingingsaid arm at the type strokes,

means for engaging the other end of said link with said slot, 2, finger piece mounted upon the framework of the machine, and a second link'connecting said finger piece to the first link to adjustiit along said slot, so as tcvary the stroke of the ribbon vibrator.

1a." In a typewriting machine having a ribbon vibrator, the combination of a swinging arm having a radiating slot, means for swinging said am at the type strokes, a connectingdevice between said ribbon vibrator and said slot, at linger piece having means to adjust said connecting device along said slot,

ducing -gears and the spools.

senses and means for detaining said finger piece" where adjusted.

l5. In a typewriting machinecomprising a platen, a ribbon vibrating rocker beneath and backwardl'y at the front of the machine and connected to said typebars, the combination of a universal bar ;extending along said lever arms, and operated' thereby, an arm swinging with said universal bar at the front of the machine and having a radial slot, a linkengagingsaid slot, and extending rearwardly to said ribbon vibrating maker, a finger lever, a second link connecting said finger lever to the first link to shift the latter along said lever where adjusted. v

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a stud having a head, a hub confinedby said head and revoluble uponsaid stud, said hub having a slot, andayielding detent protruding fromsaid slot, and a ribbon spool havingin its core an opening to be engaged by said detent.

17. In a typewriter ribbon-reversing mechanism comprising a pair of spools, and a. power-rotated shaft common to the spools,

said shaft being provided with winding gears one for each spool, the combination of a second. pair of gears, means controlled by the ribbon for alternately disengaging and engaging the gears in the first pair with the gears'in the second pair, and movement-regearing between the second pair of;

18. In a typewriter ribbon-reversing mechanism comprising a pair of spools, and a power-rotated shaft common to the spools, said shaft being provided with winding gears one for each spool, the combination .of a second pairof gears, means controlled by.the ribbon, and operated automatically by a moving part of the typewriting machine, for

alternately disengaging and engaging the said slot, and a yielding detent forholding 7 gears in the first pairwith the gears in the second pair, and movement-reducing gearing between the second pair of gears and the spools.

19. Ina typewriter ribbon-winding mechanism comprising a pair of spools having gears, and a pqwer-rotated'swinging shaft having gears to swing alternately into mesh with the spool gears, the combination with a universal bar. vibrated'at the key strokes, of a pair of devices connected to said universal bar forvswinging said driving shaft tovand fro, and a pair of followers mounted to ride upon the coils of ribbon upon the spools, and havingmeans to silence said shaft swinging devices; each follower constructed to cause its associate shaft swinging device to operate upon said shaft when the ribbon is paid off from its associated spool.

20. In a typewriting machine comprising a pair of ribbon spools having winding gears, and a power-rotated shaft having gears with provision for enabling the shaft gears to mesh alternately with the spool gears, and also comprising a universal bar vibrated at the key strokes,"the combination of a pair of de: vices connected to 'said universal bar for meshing the" gear shafts with the spool shafts, and a pair of followers mounted to ride upon the coils of ribbon upon the spools, andeach having means to silence its associated universal bar device, except when its associatedlspool is empty.

21. In a typewriting machine comprising a pair of ribbon-spool winding-gears, and a power-rotate .shaft having gears and movable to enable its gears to mesh alternately said spool gears, and also comprisinga umversal bar vibrated at the kev strokes, the

combination of a pair of'shifters'pivoted 'uponsaid universal bar and capableof shifting said shaft, and a pair of followers associated with said shifters and mounted to ride upon the coil of the ribbon upon the s ools,

and each having means to silence its s ter except when its spool is empt 22. In a typewriting machine comprising a pair of ribbon-spool.winding-gears, and a power-rotated shaft having gears and movable to enable its gears to mesh alternately with said spool gears, and also comprising a universal bar vibrated at the kev strokes, the

ters pivoted upon said universal bar and capable of shiftcombination of a pair of shi ing said shaft, and a pair of pivoted followers associated with said shifters and constructed to ride upon the coils of ribbon upon the spools, each of said followers having an arm extending to its shifter to'hold the same out of eifectiveposition, except when the spool is empty.

23. In a typewriting machine comprisin a pair of ribbon-spool winding-gear'sfand a so comprising a universal bar vibrated at the key strokes, the combination of a shaft hav-,

-1ng gears at its ends and mounted to swingto' brm its gears into mesh alternatel with said spoo gears, a shaft rotating whee mounted ers pivoted u 11 said universal bar, a pair of levers operab e by said shifters to swing said shaft, and a air of followers mounted to-ride upon the coil; of ribbon 'upon the spools, and having arms to hold theshifters away from the levers except when the spools are empty.

In a typewriting machine comprisin a pair of ribbon-spool winding-gears, and a 50 comprising a universal bar vibrated at the mounted to ride u nation with between the ends of'said shaft, a pair of shiftb and means controlled key strokes,-the combination of a shaft having gears at its ends and mounted to swing to bring its gears into mesh alternately with said spool gears, a shaft rotating wheel mounted between the ends of said shaft, a

air of shifters pivoted u on said universal ar, a pair of levers operable by said shifters to swing said shaft, and a pair of followers mounted to-ride u on the coils of ribbon upon the spools, an having arms to hold the shifters away from the levers except when the spools are empty, said lever having cams provided thereon engageable by projections upon said shifters.

'25. In a typewriting machine comprising a pair of ribbon-spool winding-gears, and also comprising a universal bar vibrated at the key strokes, the combination of a shaft having gears at its ends and mounted to swing to bring its ears into mesh alternately with said spoo gears, a shaft rotating wheel mounted between the ends of said shaft, a pair of shifters pivoted u on said universal ar, a pair of levers opera to swing said shaft, and a pair of followers on the coils of ribbon upon the spools, an having arms to hold the shifters away from. the levers except when the spools are empty, links being pivoted upon said levers and extendin to the end portions of said shaft and loose y connected to the latter.

6:. In a typewriting machine comprising type-bars, key-levers connected thereto, a letter-feeding universal-bar actuated by the 't e-bars, and ribbon-winding mechanism,

t e combination of a second universal bar actuated directly by the key-levers, and mechanism for reversing the windim' of the ribbon, said reversing mechanism including a member shiftable back and forth, and means actuated by said second universal bar for shifting said member, and also including meanscontrolled by theribbon for Itaontrolling the action of said second universal-bar upon said shiftable member."

27. In a typewriting machine, the combia series of types, of two universal ars, means controlled by one of said bars for effecting the longitudinal feed of a ribbon, by the otherof said bars for effecting both lateral'movem'ent and automatic reversal of-the ribbon.

CHARLES w. nowEL'L.

Witnesses:

WM. H. CAMFIELD, RALPH LANCASTER. 

